For what primary reason is basic arithmetic included in the MoCA assessment?

Basic arithmetic is included in the MoCA assessment primarily to gauge focus and attentional control. The task of performing arithmetic calculations requires the individual to concentrate and utilize cognitive resources effectively. Solving these problems demands not only attention but also the ability to process information, apply reasoning skills, and maintain mental effort over a brief period.

This aspect of the assessment is crucial because cognitive impairments often manifest in difficulties with tasks requiring sustained attention and working memory. By evaluating how well an individual can perform basic arithmetic, clinicians can glean insights into their cognitive functioning, particularly in attention-related domains.

The other choices, while relevant to different cognitive or emotional domains, do not align with the primary aim of assessing arithmetic skills in the context of attention and cognitive control.