Which demographic factors may influence MoCA scoring?

The correct choice identifies several key demographic factors that have been shown to significantly influence performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Age is a crucial factor because cognitive abilities can decline as people grow older, affecting scores. Education level also plays a vital role, as individuals with higher education are often more familiar with cognitive tasks and may score higher. Cultural background impacts test results as it can influence familiarity with certain concepts and language nuances used in the assessment.

Recognizing these factors is essential for interpreting MoCA scores accurately, as variations in scores may reflect demographic characteristics rather than true cognitive impairment. In contrast, while other choices include important factors like gender and socioeconomic status, they may not have the same direct influence on cognitive test performance as age, education, and cultural background do. These chosen demographic factors form a recognized basis for understanding variability in cognitive assessment results.